Resolve the journal identity first
Use the exact title and print or online ISSN, then compare the publisher and official website. Similar names, a copied logo or an indexing badge are not enough. Navigate from the publisher or database record rather than trusting a link in an unsolicited invitation.
Worked source-matching example
Illustrative example, not a verified publication: an event advertises “Engineering Methods 2026” while linking a 2023 volume of “Engineering Methods Proceedings”. Record the older volume’s exact title and identifier. Compare the advertised publisher and series with that record. Until the publisher confirms the 2026 relationship, the edition match remains unresolved.
If a source record lists coverage ending in an earlier year, do not describe new material as currently covered on that basis. Conversely, some standalone conference publications require checking beyond a journal title search; a missing journal result alone does not prove the proceedings are fake. Consult the database’s coverage guidance and the publisher’s record.
Keep participation, publication and indexing separate
Submitting an abstract, presenting at the meeting, receiving a certificate, having a paper accepted and finding the final paper in a database are different milestones. Ask which output is promised, who makes the publishing decision, whether additional review or fees apply and whether indexing is confirmed or only intended. Save the answer before payment.
Record a check that another person can repeat
Write down the exact claim, source URL, publication identifier, coverage year and check date. State what matches and what remains uncertain. Recheck after publication using the final article or proceedings record. Do not turn a database logo or a previous edition’s listing into an unconditional guarantee.
Escalate a mismatch carefully
A wrong ISSN, unexplained domain change or conflicting publisher information deserves clarification. Record the mismatch and contact the publisher using independently sourced details. This guide does not produce an automated fraud verdict or imply that a missing record alone proves deception.
Sources and review notes
Reviewed 9 October 2026. Examples explicitly described as illustrative are not assessments of named events or journals.
